Inguinal hernia repair cpt code mesh

CPT® lists only three codes for laparoscopic hernia repair, including two codes for inguinal hernia repair (49650, any initial repair and 49561, all recurrent repairs) and a single unlisted-procedure code, 49659, to cover laparoscopic repairs of all other hernia types, regardless of patient age or initial/recurrent, reducible/ strangulated status.

Inguinal hernia repair cpt code mesh. A prospective study was carried out among 31 adult patients with 34 inguinal hernia cases. They underwent the laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal technique with a Prolene mesh at the Hue Central Hospital from December 2018 through May 2019. Results. The mean age was 60.4 ± 11.8, and 96.8% of cases were male.

Order code Description Size Shape Unit of measure Quantity; ... This study was conducted with Parietene ProGrip™ mesh.],[ANCHOR=],[LINK=]), ([FOOTNOTE=Chastan P. Tension free open inguinal hernia repair using an innovative self-gripping semi-resorbable mesh. Hernia (2009) 13:137–142 DOI 10.1007/s10029-008-0451-4 J MinimAccess Surg. …

Jan 10, 2011 · Op report states excision of mass and removal of mesh But then goes on to describe a cooper's ligament repair, a modified ferguson type technique. What cpt code can I use for this type of procedure. Dx is painful right inguinal hernia Thanks Weak spots can develop in the layer of muscle, resulting in the contents of your abdomen, along with the inner layer, pushing through your abdominal wall. This produces a lump called a hernia. An inguinal hernia happens at the inguinal canal. This is a narrow passage through your abdominal wall. An inguinal hernia.Bleeding inside the incision is another complication of inguinal hernia repair. It can cause severe swelling and bluish discoloration of the skin around the incision. Surgery may be necessary to open the incision and stop the bleeding. Bleeding is unusual and occurs in less than 2 percent of patients. Wound infection.1) How would you code bilateral laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair? We tried using 49650 with modifier 50 but it was rejected as an improper modifier. Would you code it as 49650-RT and -LT? 2) During laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair, a femoral hernia was found and repaired laparoscopically.In the ever-evolving landscape of healthcare, accurate and efficient medical coding is crucial. One important aspect of medical coding is understanding and utilizing Current Proced...A lumbar hernia (CPT code 49540) is when the posterior abdominal wall or retroperitoneal outpouchings occur between the 12th rib and the iliac crest. ... and plugged. Mesh was tacked to the surrounding muscle layers and then placed over the entire floor. ... In the CPT Index, we are going to search Hernia Repair/Inguinal/Initial, child 5 years ...The official description of CPT code 49505 is: “Repair initial inguinal hernia, age 5 years or older; reducible.”. 3. Procedure. The CPT 49505 procedure involves the following steps: The patient is prepped and anesthetized. An incision is made in the groin at the site of the hernia. The inguinal canal is exposed to identify the hernia sac.

17 hours ago ... Wiki Open Hernia with laparoscopy mesh repair cpt code. Totally extraperitoneal repair of inguinal hernia: Sir Ganga Ram. The following ...When you undergo a medical procedure, there’s a corresponding series of numbers that medical professionals use to document the process. This Current Procedural Terminology code hel...The introduction of 49652 to 49657 has resulted in the deletion of temporary national (non-Medicare) codes S2075, S2076 and S2077 for laparoscopic hernia repairs and laparoscopic mesh placement. As of Jan. 1, 2009, these codes are no longer valid. Codes 49652 to 49657 join established codes 49650 (Laparoscopy, surgical; repair …Answer: You will code only the cholecystectomy, 47560. According to AMS and CPT guidelines, repairing an Incisional hernia as part of the closure of another abdominal procedure is included in the other procedure. CPT code 49654, for laparoscopic repair of an incision hernia should not be coded in addition to 47560 for the lap cholecystectomy.SUGGESTED INGUINAL HERNIA PROCEDURE STEPS INSTRUMENT GUIDE IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION PN REV A 08/2017 I R Transabdominal Peperit TAPP F Sgic System. Dvel eview ov D INGUINAL HERNIA REPAIR PROCEDURE GUIDE ENDOSCOPE ENDOWRIST ® Endoscope, 8 mm, 30° 470027 ENERGY …The surgeon makes an incision near the hernia site and the bulging tissue is pushed back into the abdomen. Most inguinal hernia repairs use mesh to close the muscle and to decrease recurrence. 2 An open repair can be done with local anesthesia. For an open mesh repair: The hernia sac is removed. Mesh is placed over the hernia site.

They underwent the laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal technique with a Prolene mesh at the Hue Central Hospital from December 2018 through May 2019. Results. The mean age was 60.4 ± 11.8, and 96.8% of cases were male. Strangulated hernia and incarcerated hernia accounted for 2.9% and 8.8% of cases, respectively.Inguinal hernia repair is an extremely common operation performed by surgeons. More than 800,000 repairs performed annually. An inguinal hernia is an opening in the myofascial plain of the oblique and transversalis muscles that can allow for herniation of intraabdominal or extraperitoneal organs. These groin hernias can be divided into indirect, direct, and femoral based on location. Most ...Code the Diagnosis. ICD-10-CM code: K40.91 Unilateral inguinal hernia, without obstruction or gangrene, recurrent. Rationale: The codes for hernias in ICD-10-CM are broken down by type, laterality, with/without obstruction, with/without gangrene, and whether or not the hernia is recurrent. In this scenario, the patient presented with a right ...49507 Repair initial inguinal hernia, age 5 years or older; incarcerated or strangulated 9.09 16.91 49520 Repair recurrent inguinal hernia, any age; reducible 9.99 18.27 49521 Repair recurrent inguinal hernia, any age; incarcerated or strangulated 11.48 20.72 49525 Repair inguinal hernia, sliding, any age 8.93 16.56Introduction. Minimally invasive inguinal hernia repair was first described by Ger 1 in 1991 using a laparoscopic technique. A seminal article by Neumayer et al concluded that open inguinal hernia repair is superior to the laparoscopic approach, 2 yet laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair has developed a reputation for shorter recovery time, equivalent recurrence rates, and lower incidence of ...

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Answer: Although new codes 49591-49618 ((Repair of anterior abdominal hernia(s) (ie, epigastric, incisional, ventral, umbilical, spigelian), any approach (ie, open, laparoscopic, robotic) …) include mesh implantation, when performed, the codes don’t include mesh removal. CPT ® 2023 provides a new add-on code for that service: …Mar 5, 2019 ... A detailed description of the procedure is presented focusing on seven key steps. Moreover, pre- and intra-operative considerations, pearls and ...CPT ® revised the codes and concepts used for coding for hernia repair. These are significant changes for surgical procedures that are used very frequently. At the start of the repair codes, the AMA has new language that says “The hernia repair codes in this section are categorized primarily by the type of hernia (inguinal, femoral, lumbar, omphalocele, anterior abdominal, parastomal.)Midazolam (Versed) received an overall rating of 6 out of 10 stars from 10 reviews. See what others have said about Midazolam (Versed), including the effectiveness, ease of use and...

When you're coding for a hernia repair, there's some key elements to look out for: • Age• Open or Laparoscopic• Location / Type• Reducible• Incarcerated / St...LAPAROSCOPIC INGUINAL HERNIA REPAIR. CPT® CODE: 49650‐ LAPAROSCOPIC SURGICAL REPAIR INITIAL INGUINAL HERNIA. MODIFIER: 50‐ BILATERAL PROCEDURE. DIAGNOSIS CODES: 550.90‐ INGUINAL HERNIA, UNILATERAL OR UNSPECIFIED WITHOUT MENTION OF OBSTRUCTION OR GANGRENE. 550.92‐ …LAPAROSCOPIC INGUINAL HERNIA REPAIR. CPT® CODE: 49650‐ LAPAROSCOPIC SURGICAL REPAIR INITIAL INGUINAL HERNIA. MODIFIER: 50‐ BILATERAL PROCEDURE. DIAGNOSIS CODES: 550.90‐ INGUINAL HERNIA, UNILATERAL OR UNSPECIFIED WITHOUT MENTION OF OBSTRUCTION OR GANGRENE. 550.92‐ …Operated by the 787-9 Dreamliner, United's South Africa-bound seasonal flight is sure to be a hit. Update: Some offers mentioned below are no longer available. View the current off...CPT/HCPCS. Code. Prompt Pay. Price. (1). 49560. $4,000 ... Laparoscopy, surgical; repair initial inguinal hernia ... Implant mesh open hernia repair/debridement ...Mesh gutter guards can keep your gutters clear of most debris types. We've outlined the best mesh gutter guards for both DIY and professional installation here. Expert Advice On Im...Rives-Stoppa is an incisional hernia repair procedure in which mesh or other prosthesis is placed between the rectus abdominis muscle and the posterior sheath. All anterior abdominal hernia repair codes now include placement of mesh as inherent. Therefore, only the appropriate hernia repair code is reported. RivesStoppa is not reported with CPT ...17 hours ago ... Wiki Open Hernia with laparoscopy mesh repair cpt code. Totally extraperitoneal repair of inguinal hernia: Sir Ganga Ram. The following ...CPT CODES (alternate) BASE UNITS New Surgical descriptions (alternate) 36 y.o. reducible, initial inguinal hernia: 00830 : 4 : Lower abdominal, simple 4 y.o. …0. Nov 21, 2013. #1. I have a laparoscopic inguinal repair (49650 RT) where they repaired the hernia with mesh. While in there, the physician documents the following: The dissection was carried out, reducing the indirect hernia and separating the round ligament from the iliac vessels. A small FEMORAL hernia was also discovered and reduced.

Apr 12, 2023 ... Twelve new codes (49591–49596 and 49613-49618) to report anterior abdominal hernia repair by any approach (i.e., open, laparoscopic, robotic), ...

T2403. . Repair of umbilica/paraumbilical hernia requiring removal of previously inserted mesh. 08/10/2020. T2409. Robotic assisted repair of umbilical/paraumbilical hernia using mesh. 07/02/2024. T2410. Robotic assisted repair of …Feb 28, 2017 · 49505 Repair initial inguinal hernia, age 5 years or older; reducible 7.96 15.04 49507 Repair initial inguinal hernia, age 5 years or older; incarcerated or strangulated 9.09 16.91 49520 Repair recurrent inguinal hernia, any age; reducible 9.99 18.27 49521 Repair recurrent inguinal hernia, any age; incarcerated or strangulated 11.48 20.72 Feb 28, 2017 · 49505 Repair initial inguinal hernia, age 5 years or older; reducible 7.96 15.04 49507 Repair initial inguinal hernia, age 5 years or older; incarcerated or strangulated 9.09 16.91 49520 Repair recurrent inguinal hernia, any age; reducible 9.99 18.27 49521 Repair recurrent inguinal hernia, any age; incarcerated or strangulated 11.48 20.72 According to the AMA CPT Section Guidelines: CPT code 55520 If the Excision of a lesion of the spermatic cord was performed as a DISTINCT Procedure and NOT as a Component of 49505 inguinal hernia rep... [ Read More ] billing for inguinal hernia and spermatic cord lipoma. Per CPT Assistant, September 2000 Page: 10 Category: Coding Consultation ...Feb 13, 2023 · CPT ® revised the codes and concepts used for coding for hernia repair. These are significant changes for surgical procedures that are used very frequently. At the start of the repair codes, the AMA has new language that says “The hernia repair codes in this section are categorized primarily by the type of hernia (inguinal, femoral, lumbar, omphalocele, anterior abdominal, parastomal.) Mar 8, 2010 · Best answers. 0. Mar 10, 2010. #2. CPT code for TAPP. Yes...49650 includes the placement of mesh into the abdominal cavity to cover the defect. L. The procedure codes for recurrent hernia are: 49565 Repair recurrent incisional or ventral hernia; reducible. Add-on code 49568 is reported along with 49565 if synthetic mesh is used. A complex procedure such as the repair of a recurrent, incarcerated hernia is coded as follows: 43566 Herniorrhaphy, recurrent, incarcerated.

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Hernia surgery is considered a safe procedure that can repair your hernia and prevent it from recurring. According to a recent study, only about 16% of people need additional surgery because their hernia returned within 10 years after the first surgery. But recurrence rates vary depending on the type of surgery and where your hernia is located.Introduction. Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common operations performed by general surgeons, with approximately 750,000 operations done per year in the United States by surgeons who incorporate it as a part of their varied practices. Conventional open repairs without prosthetics are most often successful for small hernias.In the world of medical billing and coding, accuracy is crucial. One small error in assigning a Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code can lead to significant consequences, incl...In the world of medical billing and coding, accuracy is crucial. One small error in assigning a Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code can lead to significant consequences, incl...My surgeon removed the ilioinguinal nerve (sent to pathology) during inguinal hernia repair. She did not indicate it was for chronic pain control. Does anyone know if this will bundle into the repair or can I code it separately - thinking 64772??AHA Coding Clinic ® for HCPCS - 2011 Issue 3; ASK the EDITOR Removal and replacement of hernia mesh. A patient with a prior history of hernia repair with mesh and plug is now presenting for surgery to remove the plug and remove and replace the mesh. The ilioinguinal nerve was intentionally severed during the procedure.One to avoid: CPT +11008 (Removal of prosthetic material or mesh, abdominal wall for necrotizing soft tissue infection [list separately in addition to code for primary procedure]) seems perfect to describe removal of mesh, either with or without hernia repair. But 11008 is an add-on code for use with 11004-11006 only.Introduction and background. Groin hernias arise from a defect in the abdominal wall and consist of inguinal and femoral hernias [].The lifetime risk of acquiring a groin hernia is 27% for men and 3% for women [].The risk escalates with age, and the frequency of hernia repair increases from 0.25% at age 18 years to 4.2% at age 75 to …They underwent the laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal technique with a Prolene mesh at the Hue Central Hospital from December 2018 through May 2019. Results. The mean age was 60.4 ± 11.8, and 96.8% of cases were male. Strangulated hernia and incarcerated hernia accounted for 2.9% and 8.8% of cases, respectively. ….

The shift from open to minimally invasive repair began with adoption of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair in the early 1990s. 1 More recently, robotic inguinal hernia repair has become a widely available and accepted technique, even in cases of previous pelvic or low abdominal surgery.Open Inguinal Hernia Repair CPT Code. Open inguinal hernia repair is performed by making a surgical incision in the groin area and the bulging tissue is pushed backward or removed by tying the defected tissues. The CPT code for this procedure is in the range of 49491 to 49525.Pre-op Dx: Ventral hernia. Post-op Dx: Umbilical hernia. Procedure: Repair of umbilical hernia. Note: The procedure would be billed as 49585 (repair umbilical hernia, age 5 years or over; reducible). There are many different hernia repair procedures, and using the correct CPT and diagnosis codes when billing for such services can be quite ...OPEN INGUINAL/FEMORAL/UMBILICAL & ALL LAPAROSCOPIC HERNIA REPAIRS. 2020 QI: Minor Hernia Repair. OPEN INGUINAL/FEMORAL/UMBILICAL & ALL LAPAROSCOPIC HERNIA REPAIRS. 49505: Repair initial inguinal hernia, age 5 years or older; reducible. 49507: Repair initial inguinal hernia, age 5 years or older; incarcerated or strangulated. 49520: Repair ...Feb 28, 2017 · 49507 Repair initial inguinal hernia, age 5 years or older; incarcerated or strangulated 9.09 16.91 49520 Repair recurrent inguinal hernia, any age; reducible 9.99 18.27 49521 Repair recurrent inguinal hernia, any age; incarcerated or strangulated 11.48 20.72 49525 Repair inguinal hernia, sliding, any age 8.93 16.56 Diagnosis. A physical exam is usually all that's needed to diagnose an inguinal hernia. Your doctor will check for a bulge in the groin area. Because standing and coughing can make a hernia more prominent, you'll likely be asked to stand and cough or strain. If the diagnosis isn't readily apparent, your doctor might order an imaging test, …The following laparoscopic hernia repair codes were deleted in 2023: Laparoscopy, surgical repair with mesh insertion, when performed. ventral, umbilical, spigelian, or epigastric hernia; 49652 reducible. 49653 incarcerated or strangulated. incisional hernia with mesh insertion, when performed; 49654 reducible.Keep your clean clothes away from unwanted odors with a specially-designed travel laundry bag for your next big adventure. We may be compensated when you click on product links, su... Inguinal hernia repair cpt code mesh, Additional New Hernia Procedure Codes for 2023.....9 2023 Medicare Reimbursement Rates for New Hernia Procedure Codes .....10 . The American Medical Association (AMA) reorganized many herniarepair codes for 2023, departing, For implantation of mesh or other prosthesis or repairs for anterior abdominal, spigelian, umbilical, epigastric, and incisional hernia repairs; initial, reducible, the following new …, I am having trouble with this the physician wants to bill 49651 and am torn between it and 49659 any help would be great as I haven't coded obturator hernia often. Pre-op Diagnosis: Incarc Obturator Hernia. Procedure: Procedure (s): Laparoscopic Obturator Hernia Repair incarcerated., This procedure may also include a hydrocelectomy. Long description: Repair initial inguinal hernia, age 6 months to younger than 5 years, with or without hydrocelectomy; reducible. Short description: Repair of reducible initial inguinal hernia in child aged 6 months to younger than 5 years. 2.6. CPT Code 49501., CPT Code 49501. CPT 49501 describes the repair of an initial inguinal hernia in patients aged six months to younger than five years, with or without hydrocelectomy, whether incarcerated or strangulated. CPT Code 49505. CPT 49505 describes the repair of an initial inguinal hernia in a patient aged five years or older that is reducible. , Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in the world. Most surgeons now prefer to perform a tension-free mesh repair. The Lichtenstein tension-free hernioplasty is currently one of the most popular techniques for repair of inguinal hernias. The image below depicts the anatomy of the inguinal canal., Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair uses an instrument called a laparoscope. Between two and four small incisions are made through the abdominal wall through which are passed the laparoscope (a thin telescope with a light on the end) and surgical instruments into the abdomen. The incisions are small, so the whole technique is often called ..., Code Categories. Hernia codes (K40–K46) include acquired hernias, congenital hernias (except diaphragmatic or hiatus), and recurrent hernia. Inguinal hernia K40-K40.91: This subcategory includes codes for direct inguinal, double inguinal, indirect, oblique inguinal, and scrotal hernias., If mesh implantation is performed with any other open hernia repair (inguinal, epigastric, umbilical, femoral), do not report +49568 because those codes include mesh placement. Mesh is also included as a part of laparoscopic repair. Do not report +49568 with laparoscopic repair codes 49652–49657. See more, May 17, 2023 · Key: The codes break down into two groups based on whether the service is an initial hernia repair (49591-49596) or the repair of a recurrent hernia (49613-49618). Base Coding on Total Defect Size Under the new codes, if the surgeon repairs multiple anterior abdominal hernias in a single surgical session, you should select just one repair code. , PROLENE Polypropylene Mesh for Hernia Repair Select a Product to Compare. PROLENE™ Soft Polypropylene Mesh ... (all other codes) 1 (UPA1530, UPA3030) 3 (UPA3612, UPA31515, UPA31015, UPA37615) Download Data. Contact a Rep. Device Specs & Comparison. Supporting Documentation. Product Resources., Keep your clean clothes away from unwanted odors with a specially-designed travel laundry bag for your next big adventure. We may be compensated when you click on product links, su..., Jan 10, 2011 · Op report states excision of mass and removal of mesh But then goes on to describe a cooper's ligament repair, a modified ferguson type technique. What cpt code can I use for this type of procedure. Dx is painful right inguinal hernia Thanks , Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair originated in the early 1990s as laparoscopy gained a foothold in general surgery. ... and the procedure was attended by a resident in only 13% of the studies. The authors suggested that this technique was being underutilized in the education of surgical residents. ... inguinal hernia repair compared with ..., Of course the usage of mesh in hernia repair surgery has shown more durable repair ... repair of recurrent right inguinal hernia with mesh ... Enter the code below:, A flap of the peritoneum is peeled back over the hernia and a piece of mesh is stapled or glued to the weakened area in your abdomen wall to strengthen it., Code Categories. Hernia codes (K40–K46) include acquired hernias, congenital hernias (except diaphragmatic or hiatus), and recurrent hernia. Inguinal hernia K40-K40.91: This subcategory includes codes for direct inguinal, double inguinal, indirect, oblique inguinal, and scrotal hernias., According to the AMA CPT Section Guidelines: CPT code 55520 If the Excision of a lesion of the spermatic cord was performed as a DISTINCT Procedure and NOT as a Component of 49505 inguinal hernia rep... [ Read More ] billing for inguinal hernia and spermatic cord lipoma. Per CPT Assistant, September 2000 Page: 10 Category: Coding Consultation ..., Robotic bilateral inguinal hernia repairs with mesh. 2. Open incisional hernia repair ... Is it only incisional CPT 49654 Laparoscopy, surgical repair incisional hernia;reducible Please advise. Thank you . D. dkissel Guru. Messages 109 Location Flint, MI Best answers 0. Oct 24, 2019 #4 You can code the bilateral inguinal hernia repair. …, I'm not sure what code to use for a open left inguinal hernia repair with plug and patch mesh. I think the codes for this surgery should be 49565 add on 49568 but I'm not sure because the 49565 doesn't say inguinal it says incisional or ventral hernia. Please read the notes below. Your input would greatly be appreicated., Adult inguinal hernias are usually repaired in an ambulatory surgery setting unless coexisting medical conditions merit hospitalization for specialized monitoring or care. The use of synthetic mesh has become increasingly popular because it may be used for both direct and indirect hernias, and it results in a lower rate of recurrence., Rives-Stoppa is an incisional hernia repair procedure in which mesh or other prosthesis is placed between the rectus abdominis muscle and the posterior sheath. All anterior abdominal hernia repair codes now include placement of mesh as inherent. Therefore, only the appropriate hernia repair code is reported. RivesStoppa is not reported with …, A robotic-assisted inguinal hernia repair is an ideal procedure for patients who have hernia on both sides of their groin. Since one of the incisions is made through the belly button, patients who also have umbilical hernias can have a repair done at the same time. During this procedure, the surgeon places three ports, one is 12 mm at the belly ... , Weak spots can develop in the layer of muscle, resulting in the contents of your abdomen, along with the inner layer, pushing through your abdominal wall. This produces a lump called a hernia. An inguinal hernia happens at the inguinal canal. This is a narrow passage through your abdominal wall. An inguinal hernia., Codes 49491–49651 describe unilateral hernia repair procedures; if performed bilaterally (same approach, same condition), append modifier 50 Bilateral procedure to the appropriate code to report bilateral hernia repair (e.g., bilateral recurrent inguinal hernias). If hernia repair is unilateral, use modifier RT Right side or LT Left side to ..., I'm not sure what code to use for a open left inguinal hernia repair with plug and patch mesh. I think the codes for this surgery should be 49565 add on 49568 but I'm not sure because the 49565 doesn't say inguinal it says incisional or ventral hernia. Please read the notes below. Your input would greatly be appreicated., In the ever-evolving landscape of healthcare, accurate and efficient medical coding is crucial. One important aspect of medical coding is understanding and utilizing Current Proced..., CPT® lists only three codes for laparoscopic hernia repair, including two codes for inguinal hernia repair (49650, any initial repair and 49561, all recurrent repairs) and a single unlisted-procedure code, 49659, to cover laparoscopic repairs of all other hernia types, regardless of patient age or initial/recurrent, reducible/ strangulated status., In the world of medical billing and coding, accurate CPT code descriptions are essential for ensuring proper reimbursement and maintaining compliance. CPT codes, or Current Procedu..., Open Inguinal Hernia Mesh Plug Removal and Repair YouTube, Inguinal hernia repair is an extremely common operation performed by surgeons. The entire procedure would be treated as recurrent and reported with code 49615, repair of anterior abdominal hernia(s) (i.e., epigastric, incisional, ventral,., 49521 - CPT® Code in category: Repair recurrent inguinal hernia, any age... CPT Code information is available to subscribers and includes the CPT code number, short description, long description, guidelines and more. CPT code information is copyright by the AMA. Access to this feature is available in the following products: Find-A-Code Essentials., Repair initial inguinal hernia, age 6 months to younger than 5 years, with or without hydrocelectomy; incarcerated or strangulated 9.36 17.51 49505 Repair initial inguinal hernia, age 5 years or older; reducible 7.96 15.04 49507 Repair initial inguinal hernia, age 5 years or older; incarcerated or strangulated 9.09 16.91, Introduction. Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common operations performed by general surgeons, with approximately 750,000 operations done per year in the United States by surgeons who incorporate it as a part of their varied practices. Conventional open repairs without prosthetics are most often successful for small hernias.